Inzuzo enkulu yama-capacitor efilimu e-organometallic ukuthi ayaziphilisa, okwenza la ma-capacitor abe ngenye yama-capacitor akhula ngokushesha namuhla.

Kunezindlela ezimbili ezahlukene zokuziphilisa ngama-capacitor efilimu anensimbi: enye ukuziphilisa ngokukhipha; enye ukuziphilisa ngogesi. Eyokuqala yenzeka nge-voltage ephezulu, ngakho-ke ibizwa nangokuthi ukuziphilisa ngogesi okuphezulu; ngoba lokhu kokugcina kwenzeka nange-voltage ephansi kakhulu, kuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukuziphilisa ngogesi okuphansi.

Ukuzikhipha Umzimba

Ukuze sibonise indlela yokuziphilisa ngokukhipha ugesi, ake sithi kukhona iphutha kwifilimu yezinto eziphilayo phakathi kwama-electrode amabili ensimbi anokumelana okungu-R. Kuye ngohlobo lwephutha, kungaba iphutha lensimbi, i-semiconductor noma iphutha elingafakwanga kahle. Ngokusobala, uma iphutha lingenye ye-eyokuqala, i-capacitor izobe izikhiphe ngokwayo ku-voltage ephansi. Kusesimeni sakamuva kuphela lapho ukukhishwa okubizwa ngokuthi yi-high voltage kuziphulukisa khona.

Inqubo yokuziphilisa ngokukhipha igesi iwukuthi ngokushesha ngemva kokufaka i-voltage V ku-capacitor yefilimu eyenziwe ngensimbi, i-ohmic current I=V/R idlula ku-defect. Ngakho-ke, i-current density J=V/Rπr2 igeleza ku-electrode eyenziwe ngensimbi, okungukuthi, lapho indawo isondela ku-defect (i-r encane injalo) futhi i-current density yayo iphakeme ngaphakathi kwe-electrode eyenziwe ngensimbi. Ngenxa yokushisa kwe-Joule okubangelwa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-defect W=(V2/R)r, ukumelana kwe-R kwe-semiconductor noma i-insulating defect kwehla kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, i-current I kanye nokusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-W kuyanda ngokushesha, ngenxa yalokho, i-current density J1= J=V/πr12 ikhuphuka kakhulu esifundeni lapho i-electrode eyenziwe ngensimbi iseduze kakhulu ne-defect, futhi ukushisa kwayo kwe-Joule kungancibilikisa ungqimba lwensimbi esifundeni, okubangela ukuthi i-arc phakathi kwama-electrode indize lapha. I-arc iyashabalalisa ngokushesha futhi ilahle insimbi encibilikisiwe, yakha indawo yokwahlukanisa evikelwe ngaphandle kwengqimba yensimbi. I-arc iyacinywa futhi ukuziphilisa kufezwa.

Ngenxa yokushisa kwe-Joule kanye ne-arc ekhiqizwa enkambisweni yokuziphilisa yokukhipha, i-dielectric ezungeze isici kanye nendawo yokuhlukaniswa kwe-insulation ebusweni be-dielectric yonakaliswa ngokungenakugwenywa ngomonakalo wokushisa nokagesi, ngaleyo ndlela ukubola kwamakhemikhali, ukwenziwa kwegesi kanye ne-carbonization, kanye nomonakalo wemishini kwenzeka.

Kusukela kokungenhla, ukuze kufezwe ukuziphilisa okuphelele kokukhipha, kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa indawo efanele yendawo ezungeze isici, ngakho-ke ukwakheka kwe-capacitor yefilimu ye-organic eyenziwe ngensimbi kudinga ukwenziwa ngcono ukuze kufezwe indawo efanelekile ezungeze isici, ubukhulu obufanele bengqimba yensimbi eyenziwe ngensimbi, indawo ehlala i-hermetic, kanye ne-voltage kanye nomthamo ofanele. Lokho okubizwa ngokuthi ukuziphilisa okuphelele kokukhipha yilokhu: isikhathi sokuziphilisa sifushane kakhulu, amandla okuziphilisa mancane, ukuhlukaniswa okuhle kwamaphutha, akukho monakalo ku-dielectric ezungezile. Ukuze kufezwe ukuziphilisa okuhle, ama-molecule efilimu ye-organic kufanele aqukathe isilinganiso esiphansi se-carbon kuma-athomu e-hydrogen kanye nenani elilinganiselwe le-oxygen, ukuze lapho ukubola kwama-molecule efilimu kwenzeka ekukhishweni kokuziphilisa, kungabikho carbon ekhiqizwayo futhi kungabikho carbon deposition eyenzekayo ukugwema ukwakheka kwezindlela ezintsha zokuqhuba, kodwa kunalokho i-CO2, CO, CH4, C2H2 kanye namanye amagesi akhiqizwa ukucima i-arc ngokukhuphuka okukhulu kwegesi.
Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi imidiya ezungeze isici ayonakaliswa lapho iziphiliswa, amandla okuziphiliswa akufanele abe makhulu kakhulu, kodwa futhi akufanele abe mancane kakhulu, ukuze kususwe ungqimba lwensimbi oluzungeze isici, ukwakheka kwendawo yokushisa (ukumelana okuphezulu), isici sizohlukaniswa, ukuze kufezwe ukuziphilisa. Ngokusobala, amandla okuziphiliswa adingekayo ahlobene eduze nensimbi yongqimba lwensimbi, ukujiya, kanye nendawo ezungezile. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuncishiswe amandla okuziphiliswa futhi kufezwe ukuziphilisa okuhle, kwenziwa ukuphiliswa kwamafilimu e-organic anezinsimbi eziphansi zokuncibilika. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ungqimba lwensimbi akufanele lube lukhulu futhi lube luncane ngokungalingani, ikakhulukazi ukugwema imihuzuko, ngaphandle kwalokho, indawo yokuhlukaniswa kokuzifudumeza izoba njengegatsha futhi yehluleke ukufeza ukuziphilisa okuhle. Ama-capacitor e-CRE wonke asebenzisa amafilimu avamile, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuphathwa okuqinile kokuhlolwa kwezinto ezingenayo, ukuvimba amafilimu anephutha emnyango, ukuze ikhwalithi yamafilimu e-capacitor iqinisekiswe ngokugcwele.

Ngaphezu kokuzikhulula, kukhona enye, okuyi-electrochemical self-healing. Ake sixoxe ngale ndlela esihlokweni esilandelayo.