Ku-DC circuit, i-capacitor ilingana ne-open circuit. I-Capacitor uhlobo lwesakhi esingagcina ishaja kagesi, futhi ingenye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhuluizingxenye ze-elekthronikhiLokhu kuqala ngesakhiwo se-capacitor. Ama-capacitor alula kakhulu aqukethe amapuleti e-polar kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kanye ne-dielectric evikela ugesi (kufaka phakathi umoya) phakathi. Uma enikwe amandla, amapuleti ayashajwa, okudala i-voltage (umehluko ongaba khona), kodwa ngenxa yezinto ezivikela ugesi eziphakathi, yonke i-capacitor ayihambisani nogesi. Kodwa-ke, leli cala lingaphansi kombandela wokuthi i-voltage ebalulekile (i-voltage yokuqhekeka) ye-capacitor ingadluli. Njengoba sazi, noma iyiphi into ivikelwe ngokulinganisela. Lapho i-voltage phezu kwento ikhuphuka ngezinga elithile, zonke izinto zingaqhuba ugesi, okubizwa ngokuthi i-voltage yokuqhekeka. Ama-capacitor awahlukile. Ngemva kokuba ama-capacitor ephukile, awawona ama-insulator. Kodwa-ke, esigabeni sesikole esiphakathi, ama-voltage anjalo awabonakali ku-circuit, ngakho-ke wonke asebenza ngaphansi kwe-voltage yokuqhekeka futhi angabhekwa njengama-insulator. Kodwa-ke, kuma-AC circuits, isiqondiso sezinguquko zamanje njengomsebenzi wesikhathi. Inqubo yokushaja nokukhipha ama-capacitor inesikhathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, insimu kagesi eshintshayo yakhiwa phakathi kwama-electrode, futhi le nsimu kagesi nayo iwumsebenzi wokushintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Eqinisweni, ugesi udlula phakathi kwama-capacitor ngesimo sensimu kagesi.

Umsebenzi we-capacitor：

●Ukuxhumanisa:I-capacitor esetshenziswa kusekethe yokuxhuma ibizwa ngokuthi i-coupling capacitor, esetshenziswa kabanzi ku-resistance-capacitance coupling amplifier kanye nezinye isekethe zokuxhuma ze-capacitive, futhi idlala indima yokuhlukanisa i-DC kanye nokudlulisa i-AC.

●Ukuhlunga:Ama-capacitor asetshenziswa kuma-circuit okuhlunga abizwa ngokuthi ama-filter capacitor, asetshenziswa kuma-power filter kanye nama-filter circuit ahlukahlukene. Ama-filter capacitor asusa amasignali ngaphakathi kwebhendi ethile yemvamisa kusuka kuma-total signal.

●Ukuhlukanisa:Ama-capacitor asetshenziswa kuma-circuit okuhlukanisa abizwa ngokuthi ama-capacitor okuhlukanisa, asetshenziswa kuma-circuit okunikezela ngogesi we-DC wama-amplifier ezigaba eziningi. Ama-capacitor okuhlukanisa asusa ukuxhumana okulimazayo kwe-low-frequency cross-connections phakathi kwe-amplifier yesigaba ngasinye.

●Ukususwa kokudlidliza okuvama kakhulu:I-capacitor esetshenziswa kusekethe yokuqeda ukudlidliza okuvamise kakhulu ibizwa ngokuthi i-capacitor yokuqeda ukudlidliza okuvamise kakhulu. Ku-amplifier yempendulo engemihle yomsindo, ukuze kuqedwe ukuzikhukhumeza okuvamise kakhulu okungenzeka, le sekethe ye-capacitor isetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukukhala okukhulu okuvamise kakhulu okungenzeka ku-amplifier.

●Umsindo:Ama-capacitor asetshenziswa kumasekethe e-LC resonant abizwa ngokuthi ama-resonant capacitors, adingekayo kumasekethe e-LC parallel kanye nakumasekethe e-series e-LC resonant.

●Dlula:I-capacitor esetshenziswa kusekethe ye-bypass ibizwa ngokuthi i-bypass capacitor. Uma isignali kubhendi ethile yemvamisa idinga ukususwa kusekethe kusekethe, isekethe ye-bypass capacitor ingasetshenziswa. Ngokusho kwemvamisa yesignali esusiwe, kunesizinda semvamisa egcwele (zonke izimpawu ze-AC) isekethe ye-bypass capacitor kanye nesekethe ye-high frequency bypass capacitor.

●Ukungathathi hlangothi:Ama-capacitor asetshenziswa kuma-circuits okunwebeka abizwa ngokuthi ama-capacitor okunwebeka. Kuma-amplifiers e-radio frequency ephezulu kanye nama-amplifiers e-radio frequency ephezulu kanye nama-amplifiers e-TV high frequency, lesi sifunda se-capacitor sokunwebeka sisetshenziselwa ukuqeda ukuzikhukhumeza.

●Isikhathi:Ama-capacitor asetshenziswa kuma-timing circuits abizwa ngokuthi ama-timing capacitor. I-timing capacitor circuit isetshenziswa ku-circuit edinga ukulawula isikhathi ngokushaja nokukhipha ama-capacitor, kanti ama-capacitor adlala indima yokulawula i-time constant.

●Ukuhlanganiswa:Ama-capacitor asetshenziswa kumasekethe okuhlanganisa abizwa ngokuthi ama-capacitor okuhlanganisa. Kusekethe yokuhlukanisa ehambisanayo yokuskena kwensimu yamandla kagesi, isignali yensimu ehambisanayo ingakhishwa kusignali yensimu ehambisanayo ngokusebenzisa le sekethe ye-capacitor ehlanganisiwe.

●Umehluko:Ama-capacitor asetshenziswa kuma-differential circuits abizwa ngokuthi ama-differential capacitors. Ukuze kutholakale isignali ye-spike trigger ku-flip-flop circuit, i-differential capacitor circuit isetshenziselwa ukuthola isignali ye-spike pulse trigger evela kumasignali ahlukahlukene (ikakhulukazi i-rectangular pulse).

●Isinxephezelo:I-capacitor esetshenziswa kusekethe yesinxephezelo ibizwa ngokuthi i-compensation capacitor. Kusekethe yesinxephezelo se-bass somnikazi wekhadi, le sekethe yesinxephezelo se-low-frequency capacitor isetshenziselwa ukuthuthukisa isignali ye-low-frequency kusignali yokudlala. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunesekethe yesinxephezelo se-high-frequency capacitor.

●I-Bootstrap:I-capacitor esetshenziswa kusekethe ye-bootstrap ibizwa ngokuthi i-bootstrap capacitor, evame ukusetshenziswa kusekethe yesigaba sokuphuma se-OTL power amplifier ukwandisa i-amplitude ye-half-cycle enhle yesignali ngempendulo enhle.

●Ukuhlukaniswa kwemvamisa:I-capacitor esesekethe yokuhlukanisa imvamisa ibizwa ngokuthi i-capacitor yokuhlukanisa imvamisa. Esekethe yokuhlukanisa imvamisa yesipikha sebhokisi lomsindo, isekethe ye-capacitor yokuhlukanisa imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukwenza i-loudspeaker enemvamisa ephezulu isebenze ebhendini enemvamisa ephezulu, i-loudspeaker enemvamisa ephakathi isebenza ebhendini enemvamisa ephakathi kanye ne-loudspeaker enemvamisa ephansi isebenze ebhendini enemvamisa ephansi.

●Umthamo womthwalo:ibhekisela ku-capacitance yangaphandle esebenzayo enquma imvamisa yokudlidliza yomthwalo kanye ne-quartz crystal resonator. Amanani ajwayelekile ajwayelekile ama-load capacitor angama-16pF, 20pF, 30pF, 50pF, kanye ne-100pF. I-load capacitance ingalungiswa ngokuya ngesimo esithile, futhi imvamisa yokusebenza ye-resonator ingalungiswa ibe yinani elijwayelekile ngokuyilungisa.

Njengamanje, imboni ye-capacitor yamafilimu ingena enkathini yentuthuko ezinzile kusukela ku-
isikhathi sokukhula okusheshayo, kanye namandla amasha namadala e-kinetic embonini ase-
isigaba sokuguquka.